Question 1

A LOGICAL ARGUMENT WITH TWO PREMISES AND A CONCLUSION IS A ___.

Accepted Answer

SYLLOGISM. A syllogism draws a conclusion from two premises, e.g. all A are B, all B are C, so all A are C.

Question 2

REASONING FROM A GENERAL RULE TO A SPECIFIC CASE IS CALLED?

Accepted Answer

DEDUCTION. Deduction applies a general rule to a specific case; if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.

Question 3

REASONING FROM SPECIFIC OBSERVATIONS TO A GENERAL RULE IS CALLED ___.

Accepted Answer

INDUCTION. Induction generalises from examples. The conclusion is probable, not guaranteed, unlike deduction.

Question 4

A DIAGRAM OF OVERLAPPING CIRCLES SHOWING SET RELATIONS IS A ___ DIAGRAM.

Accepted Answer

VENN. A Venn diagram uses overlapping circles; the overlap holds members belonging to both sets.

Question 5

AN IDEA TAKEN AS TRUE WITHOUT EVIDENCE OR PROOF IS AN ___.

Accepted Answer

ASSUMPTION. Recognising unstated assumptions is a core UCAT Decision Making skill; an assumption is taken for granted.

Question 6

WHAT IS A STATEMENT TAKEN AS TRUE WITHOUT PROOF CALLED?

Accepted Answer

AN ASSUMPTION. An assumption is accepted without proof; a conclusion is what you argue toward; a fallacy is a reasoning error.

Question 7

THE LIKELIHOOD OF AN EVENT, MEASURED FROM 0 TO 1, IS ITS ___.

Accepted Answer

PROBABILITY. Probability runs from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain) and underpins UCAT probabilistic reasoning questions.

Question 8

THE STATEMENT A SYLLOGISM TRIES TO PROVE FROM ITS PREMISES IS THE ___.

Accepted Answer

CONCLUSION. The conclusion is the claim a valid argument establishes once its premises are accepted.

Question 9

REASONING FROM A GENERAL RULE TO A SPECIFIC CASE IS CALLED ___.

Accepted Answer

DEDUCTION. Deduction guarantees the conclusion when premises are true — the backbone of UCAT logical reasoning.

Question 10

IN A VENN DIAGRAM, WHAT DOES THE OVERLAP OF TWO SETS SHOW?

Accepted Answer

SHARED MEMBERS. The overlap holds items belonging to both sets at once — the shared members.

Syllogisms and Deductive Reasoning